答：Iodoform test 碘仿試驗
1) 什麼是酒精？
In chemistry, alcohol is an organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. [註一]2) 什麼是工業用酒精？
工業酒精含有雜質甲醇，可透過皮膚進入人體而引致中毒。甲醇 (methanol) 透明、無色，並有與乙醇 (ethanol 飲用酒) 非常相似的氣味。甲醇中毒，輕則嗜睡、噁心、嘔吐腹瀉等症狀，重則永久性失明，甚至死亡 [註二至五]。我在醫院曾經也照顧過甲醇中毒的人，幸好救回性命。
3) 什麼是甲醇、乙醇？
代學名稱
- 一個C，甲
- 兩個C，乙
- 如此類推
Methanol - Methanol, wikipedia
Ethanol - Ethanol, wikipedia
Propan-1-ol - 1-丙醇 維基百科
Propan-2-ol / isopropanol - 2-丙醇 維基百科
4) 如何分辨工業用酒精呢？
答：化學問題，化學解決。
4a) 氣相層析火焰離子化偵檢器(GC-FID Gas chromatography)
4b) 或者做化學實驗 - Iodoform test 碘仿試驗 (化學品有危險，不建議在家居進行實驗) [註六]。乙醇+，甲醇-
[註二] 「甲醇」假酒中毒能用真酒治療？真的假的！毒物及化學物質局 評估管理組。2017-11-10
[註三] Bennett Jr et al. Acute methyl alcohol poisoning: a review based on experiences in an outbreak of 323 cases. Medicine, 1953. 32(4), 431-463.
[註四] Önder, Feyza, et al. “Acute blindness and putaminal necrosis in methanol intoxication." International ophthalmology 22.2 (1998): 81-84
[註五] Suit, P. F., & Estes, M. L.. Methanol intoxication: clinical features and differential diagnosis. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 1990, 57(5), 464-471.
[註六] A Test to Distinguish Between Methanol and Ethanol. Stem learning. ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY
[註七] 6款消毒酒精含有毒甲醇，逾8成濃度或容量不足。選擇月刊522期
陳沛然議員上
2020年5月
[註三] Bennett Jr et al. Acute methyl alcohol poisoning: a review based on experiences in an outbreak of 323 cases. Medicine, 1953. 32(4), 431-463.
[註四] Önder, Feyza, et al. “Acute blindness and putaminal necrosis in methanol intoxication." International ophthalmology 22.2 (1998): 81-84
[註五] Suit, P. F., & Estes, M. L.. Methanol intoxication: clinical features and differential diagnosis. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 1990, 57(5), 464-471.
[註六] A Test to Distinguish Between Methanol and Ethanol. Stem learning. ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY
[註七] 6款消毒酒精含有毒甲醇，逾8成濃度或容量不足。選擇月刊522期
陳沛然議員上
2020年5月
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